Sometimes I believe we look at food in a very simple way, in the sense that we don’t question it. We look at two foods that are healthy, like for example, a fruit is healthy, milk is healthy, and yogurt is healthy. Then we think, okay, if we mix these two healthy foods, the result will also be healthy. But that is not always true. More than 2,000 years ago, the Charaka Samhita introduced a concept called Viruddha Ahara, which means incompatible food combinations. The idea behind this is that a food is not only judged by what it is, but also by how it is eaten, how it is prepared, what it is eaten with, and who is eating it. Taking all these factors into account is important because two foods can be good on their own, but when combined, may not result in a good combination when eaten together. This is a very different way of thinking about food and nutrition. Normally, the questions that pop into our mind when we think about food are: Is it high in protein? Does it contain any vitamins? Is it low in sugar? Or is it natural or processed? But we should ask different questions. What is this food being combined with? How is it being prepared? Is the right amount being consumed? Is it the right season to eat it? Can my digestion handle it? Now, instead of looking at foods one by one, Ayurveda looks at the relationship between foods. According to the Charaka Samhita, there’s not just one kind of food incompatibility. There are 18 different ways in which food can become unsuitable when combined. Keep in mind that food is affected by where, when, how, how much, and with what it is eaten. Let us look into some of the most important types of Viruddha Ahara. First is Desha Viruddha, which means some foods are better suited to certain climates than others. A food that might work well in a cold region might not be the best choice to be eaten in a hot or humid place. Kala Viruddha refers to, as the name signifies, the season and time of the day. Eating heavy and oily foods during summer, or eating meals that are difficult to digest at night, might not suit the body and is not suggested. Agni Viruddha means digestive strength. Not everyone can digest food in the same way. A meal that might feel light for one person may feel heavy and uncomfortable for someone with weaker digestion. Matra Viruddha means quantity. Even healthy food becomes unhealthy when taken in excess amount. It is important to keep in mind that the right amount of food is as important as the right food. Then there is Samskara Viruddha. The way food is cooked, stored, and processed also changes how it affects the body. The same ingredients may have different effects depending on how they are prepared. Virya Viruddha refers to the inherent qualities of food. Some foods have warming qualities, while others have cooling qualities. Combining foods with opposite properties might not always be a good choice. Samyoga Viruddha refers to foods that do not work well together, even when each of them is healthy on its own. One of the best-known examples of Samyoga Viruddha is milk with sour fruits. According to Ayurveda, milk has a cooling nature, while sour fruits are heating and acidic. The classical texts explain that this combination can disturb digestion, increase heaviness, and create discomfort. Many people may have experienced this without realizing, like after consuming certain fruit-and-milk combinations, such as a smoothie or milkshake, they may feel bloated, heavy, or simply feel that the meal “didn’t sit well.” Now, Viruddha Ahara is not just a small idea presented in Ayurveda. It is an important concept because it is considered one of the major causes of disease. In the Charaka Samhita, incompatible food combinations are described as a major reason for several health problems, especially those related to the skin. They are also linked with inflammation, poor digestion, and, in some cases, even disturbances of the mind. Vagbhata has also described incompatible food combinations as being poison-like. This doesn’t mean they act like a poison after every single meal. It means that when these combinations are consumed repeatedly over months, they might gradually affect your health. The effects may show up as bloating, discomfort, inflammation, and other digestive issues. So, the next time you are trying to consume something healthy, ask yourself if that combination of foods or ingredients is actually healthy for your body. Did this article change the way you think about food? Share it with someone who might find it interesting, and let us know in the comments if you’ve ever noticed certain food combinations affecting your digestion or how you feel. As next, we’ll explore some of the most well-known incompatible food combinations described in Ayurveda.
